二、课文解析 ( Learning to Live ：about educational system)
14、The fact that we are not sure what \'intelligence\' is, nor what is passed on,
does not prevent us from finding it a very useful working concept,
and placing a certain amount of reliance on tests which \'measure\' it.
第一段形成文章的主题
主语 The fact 谓语 dose not prevent us
the fact 连同位语从句 nor 否定连接 passed on 衡量
useful working 相近 placing 和 finding 并列
place ..on 放在 ... 上面 ＝put
引号里表示抽象的东西
整个句子的意思：
＝Even though we are not sure ... nor what is passed on...
we find ... and place ...
练习造句：
简单句：Even though he stole, I find him a kind hearted man.
模仿句：The fact that he stole, dose not prevent me from finding him
a kind hearted man.
15、In an intelligence test we take a sample of an individual\'s ability to
solve puzzles and problems of various kinds, and if we have taken
a representative sample it will allow us to predict successfully
the level of performance he will reach in a wide variety of occupations.
sample 样品，受试者 ＝ subject 受试者，
puzzle 拼字游戏
of various kinds ： 后置定语 ＝ various kinds of puzzles and problems
ability to do； ability in math/English 后面是名词就用in
例句：He has ability to take a photos.
He has ability in photography.
句子：If we have taken a representative sample
it will allow us to predict successfully the level of performance ...
一般而言 if 引导一般现在时 ，很少用完成时
本句可改为：If we tale a a representative sample , it will ...
如果一个写作者要强调两个动词的先后顺讯，就可以用完成时替代
前一个动作意味着第二个动词的开始, 只是表示 动作完成的意思
例子： if I master English,I will go abroad.
If I have mastered English, I will go abroad.强调动作完成。
it will allow us 我们就会，我们能够 = we are able to
we can 强调主语 侧重主观(Subject)
it will ... 强调客观 这是科普文章地道的写法
例：we can botain the results. 或 Tthe results are obtained.
16、This became of particular importance when, as a result of the 1944
Education Act, secondary schooling for all became law, and grammar
schools, with the exception of a small number of independent
foundation schools, became available to the whole population.
become of : 系动词 = be of importance
became availiable 对人群开放 except = with the exception
primary schooling 小学
secondary schooling 中学
＝ high school（junior high school， senior high school）
higher education 高等教育
nine year compulsory 九年义务教育
compulsory courses 必修课 optional /seletive courses 选修课
17、Narrowly academic examinations and tests were felt, quite rightly,
to be heavily weighted in favour of children who had had the advantage
of highly-academic primary schools and academically biased homes.
narrowly 狭隘的 academic －侧重书面考试
quite rightly 有理由认为的 heavily weighted
highly-academic 高度学术性的学校 ＝ test oriented 应试教育
academicly biased homes 书香门第
biased 偏，侧重于
例：My mom is biased toward my sister
were felt to be 被人们感觉到的
The weather is felt to be uncomfortable.强调感受
18、The intelligence test is an attempt to assess the general ability of
any child to think, reason, judge, analyse and syntiesize by presenting
him with situations, both verbal and practical, which are
within his range of competence and understanding.
一些有 progressive 递进
think 思想－》reason 推理－》judge 判断－》
analyse 分析－》 synthesize 综合
连缀词，两个以上如果做名次修饰，可以置后
例：people poor or rich should be equal.
Nations big or small should be equal. 后缀词可以最为后置定语
19、学术味浓的三种说法
highly academic
academically biased
scholastically-acquired
